Changelog

constants.ts TIMELINE: TCP year corrected to 1981 (RFC 793 published 1981, not 1983). HTTP/1.1 sublabel corrected to RFC 2068 (1997), not RFC 2616 (1999)

DNS protocol: rfc field updated to RFC 1034 / RFC 1035 with history note distinguishing RFC 882/883 (1983 introduction) from RFC 1034/1035 (1987 standardization)

DNS UDP behavior: classic 512-byte limit clarified as pre-EDNS(0). EDNS(0) (RFC 6891) allows larger UDP payload sizes; TCP fallback only on truncation

HTTP 100: edge case rewritten — HTTP/2 carries :status=100 in HEADERS frame (RFC 9113), not implicit stream flow control. Added HTTP/2 wire example

HTTP 201: Location header is optional per RFC 9110 §15.3.2. If absent, target URI identifies the created resource. Capsule, edge cases, FAQ, seoDescription all corrected

HTTP 101: edge case updated — HTTP/2 (RFC 9113 §8.6) prohibits Upgrade header; uses extended CONNECT (RFC 8441) for WebSocket tunneling instead

TLS 1.2 vs 1.3: cipher-suite count '300+' replaced with architectural explanation of the combinatorial model. TLS 1.3 separates AEAD+hash from key exchange and authentication

HTTP/1.1 vs HTTP/2: '~50% latency reduction' removed. Multiplexing row corrected — HTTP/1.1 has pipelining (poorly deployed) and 6 parallel TCP connections, not zero multiplexing

json-vs-protobuf, json-vs-cbor, json-vs-msgpack, cbor-vs-msgpack: percentage size claims (3-10x, 20-50%) replaced with payload-shape-dependent explanations

Homepage stat counters now data-driven from getStats(). 14 protocols → 57+, 230+ codes → 887+ reference entries. Two independent hardcoded counters eliminated

HTTP 429: Retry-After delta-seconds vs HTTP-date distinction, rate-limit header ecosystem (IETF draft, GitHub, Stripe formats), token bucket/leaky bucket/sliding window/fixed window explanations, jitter formula

HTTP 431: Implementation limits table added (nginx 32KB, Apache 8190B/field, Node.js 16KB, Cloudflare 32KB, AWS ALB 16KB) with primary vendor doc links

HTTP 202: async job pattern (polling + webhooks), 202 vs 201 vs 204 vs 200 distinction, idempotency keys, Retry-After for polling interval, 4 new FAQ items

If-Match header: race condition timeline (Client A vs Client B ETag conflict), strong vs weak ETag rules, If-Match: * semantics, semantic graph (ETag→If-Match→412→re-fetch), 4 examples

DNS TXT record: string chunking (255-byte limit, adjacent quoted strings), SPF/DKIM/DMARC DNS name locations, multiple TXT coexistence, dig examples for all three

DNS Record Types hub: semantic relationship map (address resolution, email auth, DNSSEC chain of trust, service discovery) showing how record types connect

TCP vs UDP: byte stream vs datagram framing responsibility, NAT state differences (TCP tracked vs UDP 30s timeout), QUIC over UDP, TCP reliability ≠ application-level correctness

HTTP/2 vs HTTP/3: QUIC per-stream loss recovery mechanism, QPACK vs HPACK architecture (why HPACK requires ordered delivery), 0-RTT replay risk (RFC 9001 §8.1), connection migration via Connection IDs

UDP protocol page: HTTP/3 added to relatedProtocols with semantic descriptions, application-owned reliability behavior card (QUIC as example)

Phase 3 technical SEO audit: robots.txt, sitemap.xml (999 URLs, all HTTPS, no duplicates), canonicals, JSON-LD, titles, meta descriptions, 35 route 404 checks — all clean

RESP / RESP3 protocol page – Redis wire protocol with 11 type reference pages (simple string, error, integer, bulk string, array, null, double, boolean, map, set, push)

GraphQL Federation protocol page – subgraph @key, @shareable, @external, @requires, @provides, @override directives, query planning, _entities resolution

OTLP protocol page – OpenTelemetry Protocol 1.11.0, OTLP/gRPC (port 4317) vs OTLP/HTTP (port 4318), Protobuf/JSON encoding, partial success semantics

gRPC-Web protocol page – frame format (0x00 data, 0x80 trailer flag), content types, proxy requirement (Envoy), Connect protocol alternative

Comparison: GraphQL vs tRPC – schema vs TypeScript types, code generation vs zero-config, federation vs monorepo, multi-client vs TypeScript-only

Comparison: Redis vs Memcached – data structures vs strings-only, persistence vs no persistence, replication vs client-side sharding, pub/sub, Streams

Comparison: Kafka vs Redis Streams – disk vs memory, infinite retention vs MAXLEN, millions of events/sec vs sub-millisecond latency, exactly-once vs at-least-once

SMTP Email Auth sub-pages: SPF (RFC 7208), DKIM (RFC 6376), DMARC (RFC 7489), ARC (RFC 8617) – DNS record syntax, deployment sequence, failure actions

DNS DNSSEC sub-pages: DNSKEY (type 48), DS (type 43), RRSIG (type 46), NSEC (type 47), NSEC3 (type 50) – chain of trust, zone file examples, wire fields

HTTP/2 HPACK sub-pages: static table (61 entries), dynamic table (per-connection FIFO), Huffman coding (20-30% compression), never-indexed literals (security)

WebSocket extensions sub-pages: permessage-deflate (RFC 7692), MQTT over WebSocket, graphql-transport-ws subscriptions, STOMP over WebSocket

gRPC streaming patterns: unary, server streaming, client streaming, bidirectional streaming – proto syntax, Go/Python examples, backpressure notes

Search index expanded to 887 entries – added RESP types, Kafka concepts, Kafka producer config, gRPC streaming, email auth, DNSSEC, HPACK, WebSocket extensions

Sitemap updated with all new protocol and sub-section paths

SMTP reply code pages fully rewritten: all 21 codes now have wire exchange (S:/C: labeling), enhanced status codes table (4.x.x/5.x.x), scenarios, edge cases, related codes, and FAQ

SMTP 550 5.1.1 vs 5.7.1 distinction documented – unknown user vs policy rejection, deliverability impact, Gmail/Outlook specific guidance

Kafka protocol page: concepts sub-pages (partition, offset, consumer group, replication, retention, rebalance) and producer config sub-pages (acks, idempotent, batch.size, linger.ms, compression)

tRPC protocol page added to application protocols

AI & Agent Protocols category: MCP, A2A, x402, and auth.md protocol pages

MCP sub-pages: transports (stdio, Streamable HTTP), tools, JSON-RPC error codes

A2A sub-pages: task lifecycle (6 states), agent card reference, part types

x402 sub-pages: payment flow, payment headers (PAYMENT-REQUIRED, X-PAYMENT, X-PAYMENT-RESPONSE), payment schemes

auth.md sub-pages: spec file format, registration flows (pre-registration, CIMD, DCR, anonymous)

HTTP/2 protocol page with binary framing, HPACK compression, and error codes

HTTP QUERY method (RFC 10008, June 2026) – safe, idempotent, cacheable with request body

HTTP Security topic pages: CORS, CSRF, XSS, clickjacking, HSTS, rate limiting, cookie security, content negotiation

HTTP Examples system: bearer token auth, 8 CORS examples with correct wire format and anti-patterns

SSL protocol page (deprecated predecessor to TLS, RFC 7568)

Referrer-Policy header added to HTTP headers reference

Protocol breadcrumbs resolve category dynamically – AI protocols show AI & Agent Protocols not Internet Protocols

Tab navigation: link tabs for sub-pages with active state detection via usePathname

Headers tab: all 70+ headers link to detail pages, View all button added

Methods tab: QUERY method visible, all rows link to detail pages

Security tab: all header rows link to detail pages, practice cards link to security topic pages

Sitemap expanded to 700+ pages including all HTTP headers, methods, and AI protocol sub-pages

SeeAlso component added for cross-page backlinks on sub-section pages

Protocol breadcrumb hardcoded to Internet Protocols regardless of actual category

Compare page entity links pointing to wrong /protocols/http/status/ URLs

HTTP headers and methods missing from sitemap (0 paths generated – now 81 detail paths)

auth-md/flows and x402/payment-schemes tabs linking to non-existent routes (404)

152 well-known port reference pages with security risks, firewall guidance, and diagnosis commands

92 networking glossary terms covering transport, security, and infrastructure architecture

5 new protocol comparison pages (MQTT vs AMQP, SSH vs Telnet, SFTP vs FTPS, IPsec vs WireGuard, SSL vs TLS)

Well-Known Ports card added to Resources page

Enriched port pages: security risks, related ports, common services, firewall guidance, diagnosis commands, history, FAQ

Sitemap lastmod updated to reflect August 2026 content additions

Site stats updated: 930+ total pages across all entity types

Agent readiness: MCP Server Card, A2A Agent Card, WebMCP tools, DNS-AID SVCB records

Added SSH, QUIC, ICMP, IP, NTP, SNMP, DHCP, BGP protocol pages

UDP datagram format diagram and hex dump viewer

HTTP methods and headers reference pages

Protocol comparison pages (TCP vs UDP, HTTP versions, TLS versions)

RFC Index, Protocol Timeline, IANA Registries, and Glossary resource pages

llms.txt for AI crawler guidance

Protocol left sidebar now data-driven from registry

Right sidebar shows well-known ports and use cases per protocol

Design system overhaul: white background, semantic badge colors, tight typography

Removed all broken links across navigation and sidebars

65 HTTP status codes with full RFC references, examples, and edge cases

HTTP, DNS, TCP, TLS, UDP protocol pages

Category pages with sidebar navigation and protocol filtering

Homepage with hero, category grid, quick lookups, and timeline

Dark mode with system preference detection

⌘K search modal

JSON-LD structured data on every page

Open Graph images for all status code pages

sitemap.xml and robots.txt with AI crawler allowlists

Static export to out/ folder for Cloudflare Pages